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    "tldr": "GLP-1 analogs degrade in solution through deamidation, oxidation and freeze-thaw damage. A collapsed or yellowed cake signals degradation, not cosmetics.",
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            "value": "GLP-1 analogs degrade in solution through deamidation, oxidation and freeze-thaw damage. A collapsed or yellowed cake signals degradation, not cosmetics.",
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            "value": "What \"boosting GLP-1\" actually means at the bench",
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            "value": "The three variables that quietly kill GLP-1 analogs",
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            "value": "Purity, diluent quality, and the math behind a clean dose",
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            "value": "Garrett et al., Diabetes Care 2020: Commercially Available Insulin Products Demonstrate Stability Throughout the Cold Supply Chain Across the U.S - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
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        {
            "q": "What pH should I reconstitute GLP-1 analogs in?",
            "a": "Aim for pH 4–6, typically a mild acetate or citrate buffer. Neutral pH accelerates deamidation and aspartimide formation, and strongly acidic pH drives Asp-Pro hydrolysis."
        },
        {
            "q": "How many freeze–thaw cycles can a GLP-1 vial survive?",
            "a": "Plan for zero. Aliquot on day one into low-binding tubes, keep a working stock at 2–8 °C for one to two weeks, and store the master at −20 °C or lower without refreezing."
        },
        {
            "q": "How do I calculate real concentration from a peptide vial?",
            "a": "Divide the target peptide mass by the net peptide fraction on the CoA, then by the reconstitution volume. A 78% net peptide content means only 0.78 mg of every labeled 1 mg is the actual peptide."
        }
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